Pump



March 24. 192s.

J. A. ZUBLIN PUMP Filed nec. 11.- 1925 s sheets-sheet 2 Arrow/H5.

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March 24,` 1925. 11,530,876

J. A. ZUBLIN zwei/i275.

Patented Mar. 24,-1925.-

UNITED STATES JGHN'A. ZUBLIN, 0F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

PUMP.

.Application med December 11, 1923. Serial No. 679,976.

To all whom z't may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN A. ZUBLIN, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Pump, of which the following is a specilication.

My invention is particularly applicable to pumps used in oil wells. Such pumps are ordinarily placed at the bottom of a string of tubing near the bottom of the well and are actuated by means of sucker rods which extend upwardly through the tubing to suitable operating mechanism in the derrick.

These pumps may be placed at depths of several thousand feet below the surface and it is importantV that they operate for long periods without removal. Petroleum oil as found in nature often contains considerable quantities of sa d,silt or other abrasive material and the wear upon the plungers and pump barrels of the conventional forms of oil well pump is considerable.

It is an object of my invention to provide a plunger which will automatically take up this wear and remain tight over long periods even where considerable sand is being pumped.

Further objects and advantages will be made evident hereinafter.

Referring to the drawing which is for illustrative purposes only,`

Fig. 1 is a section through the upper portion of pump embodying my invention.

plane represented Fig. 1, I provide a couplin 11 threaded at 12 to receive the coupling o the sucker rods, not shown. The coupling 11 is threaded upon an upper hollow stem 13 which in turn Fig. 2 -is a section of the lower portion of` is threaded in a guide member 14, being locked therein by a lock nut 15. Also threaded inthe member 14 is a lower stem 1 6 which has a hole 17 through its whole length as shown in Fig. 1. Thelower end of the lower e5 stem 16 is threadedin a lower guide member 20, being secured therein bya lock nut 21 having a conical seat 22 formed on its upper end. .A plunger 25 seats on this seat 22 and slides upon a bearing 26 in the mem- 00 ber 14. The member 14 has openings 27 communieating rwith the space inside the bearing 26. Secured in the' member 20 is a plug 30 having an opening therethrou hin which a garbut rod 31 is free to slide. 'Fhis garbut 65 rod has an enlarged head 32 at its upper end which is larger than the opening in the plug 30, so that the garbut rod cannot be withdrawn through the plug 30.- The garbut'rod extends downwardly and is threaded, as shown at 35, in a standing valve cage 36 having a conical portion 37 which is seated on a coupling 38 in which the pump barrel 39 is secured. The pump barrel 39 and the plunger 25 are ground to tit closely together. 'I6y The pump barrel is secured at its upper end to the tubing of the well, not shown, from which sucker rods secured to the threaded portion 12, not shown, pass. The cage 36 has a ball valve 41 closing an opening 40 30 therethrough.

The method of operation of the invention is as Afollows:

The parts being in the position shown in Fig. 1, or at the lower end of the stroke of V35 the plunger, the plunger is pulled upwardly, being seated on the seat 22 so that no liquid can pass downwardly therethrough. As the plunger moves upwardly, the ball 41 is lifted and the s ace below the plunger is filled with oil. en the plunger 25Teaches the upperend of its stroke and starts to reverse, the friction ofthe plunger in the barrel 39 holds the plunger statlonary and allows the member 21 to move downwardly, 95 leaving an openin between the lower end of the plunger an the seat.22. The ksize of this opening is regulated by adjusting the lower stem 16 up or down with relation to the seat 22. The plunger 25, as will be it is constructed are such that it is expanded on the up stroke by the internal pressure thereon to fit tightly in the pump barrel 39.- It will be understood that on the up stroke the weight of the column of liquid in ,the well exerts a pressure not only downwardly, but in all directions, against the inner sul'- face of the plunger 25. This plunger being made hollow, the total pressure is considerable and it tends to expand the plunger in the pump barrel 29. Vhere the wear is very` considerable, it is desirable to make the plunger of a material having a low elastic limit so that the plunger is actually stretchedy and given a permanent set whenever it wears suiliciently to allow this expansion. The proportions of the plunger to produce this result for different depths of well can bg readily calculated, using well known formulas for the expansion of hollow cylinders under pressure.

Thus I have provided a hollow pump plunger associated with lmeans for closing its lower end during an up stroke and having a circularly continuous imperforate metallic wall engaging the pump barrel, said wall being devoid of slits or incisions and capable of uniform radial expansion under` the influence of the static load supported by they plunger.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 4, I provide a pump barrel 50 and a hollow plunger -51 threaded at 52 to receive a ball cage 53. This cage has a central opening 54 therethrough which is closed by a ball 55 on the up stroke. The

suckery rods 56 are secured to this cage. The standingvalve 57 is of the usual type having a ball 58 and an upwardly projecting bail 59 by which itmay be removed from the well by the use of suitable tools. In this form, as in the form previously explained, I depend upon the inward pressure against the walls ofthe plunger 51 to expand it and make a tight fit with the barrel 50.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 5 I utilize a hollow plunger 7 0 threaded at 71 for the reception of a quill 72.

, Sucker rods 73 vare Asecured in the quill.

Openings 74 are .provided in the through which oil may pass upwar ly. A ball 75 seats at 76, closing an opening 77 through the plunger on the up stroke. In this form I also depend upon the expansion of the plunger under pressure to maintain a tight fit. v

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 6 I utilize a pump rod 90 having a rigid seat 91 on `the bottom thereof, and having an intermediate seat 92 free to `slide thereon and held in an upper position by a spring 93. The seat 91 is arranged to quill 72 95. Thin cups 98 are provided, being secured to the plunger 95 at the points 100, preferably by being welded to the plunger. Openings 101 and 102 are provided in the walls of the plunger communicating with the space inside the cups 98. On the up stroke of the pump rod 90 the valves 91 and y92 close, thus causing pressure to be exerted through the openings 101 and'102 on the interior of thesteel cups 98. These cups are thus expanded against the walls of the barrel in which the plunger is reciprocated. Here again I depend upon the out-wardly exerted pressure to .cause the cups 98 to make a tight closure with the inner walls of the pump barrel.

I claim as my invention: w1. In a pump, the combination of: a pump barrel; a hollow metallic piston sliding in said pump barrel; and valve means for interrupting the flow of liquid through said piston in such a manner as to allow the pressure built'up by the pump to expand the hollow piston to a close sliding tit inside the cylinder, said piston having a 'circularly continuous one piece imperforate metallic wall portion engaging the pump barrel and devoid of slits and being of suitable metal and so expand under sai pressure. l

2. In a pump, the combination of: a pump barrel; a hollow metallic piston sliding in said pump barrel and valve means for interrupting the flow of liquid through said piston in such a manner as to allow the pressure built up by the pump to expand the hollow piston to a close sliding fit inside lthe cylinder, said piston having a circularly continuous one piece imperforate metallic wall portion engagin the pump barrel and devoid of slits and eing of suitable metal and proper proportions to be stretched beyond the elastic limit of the metal therein under said pressure.

3. In 4a pump, the combination of: a pump barrel; a hollow metallic piston sliding in said pump barrel; and valve means closing the bottom of the opening in said piston so as to allow the pressure built up by the pump to expand t e hollow iston to a close sliding fit inside the cylin er, said piston having a circularly continuous one piece imperforate metallic wall portion engaging the pump barrel andV devoid of slits and being of suitable `metal and proper proportions to so expand under said pressure.

4. In a pump, the combination of: a pump barrel; a hollow metallic piston sliding in said pump barrel; and valve means closing-the ottom of the opening in said piston so as to allow the pressure built proper proportions to up by the; pump to expand the hollow giston to a close sliding fit inside the cylin er, said piston having a circularly continuous one piece ,imperforate metallic wall portion engaging the pump Ibarrel and devoid of slits and being of suitable metal and proper proportions to be stretched beyond the elastie limit of the metal. therein under said pressure.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto 10 set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 4th day of Becember, 1923.

d JOHN A. ZUBLN. 

